topical media & game development (2024)

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readme

course(s) preface

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III

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8 9 10

11 12 afterthought(s)

appendix

reference(s)example(s)

resource(s)

lib-unity-tutorial-platform-start-Assets-Scripts-Camera-SpringFollowCamera.js / js

// This camera is similar to the one used in Jak & Dexter var target : Transform; var distance = 4.0; var height = 1.0; var smoothLag = 0.2; var maxSpeed = 10.0; var snapLag = 0.3; var clampHeadPositionScreenSpace = 0.75; var lineOfSightMask : LayerMask = 0; private var isSnapping = false; private var headOffset = Vector3.zero; private var centerOffset = Vector3.zero; private var controller : ThirdPersonController; private var velocity = Vector3.zero; private var targetHeight = 100000.0; function Awake () { var characterController : CharacterController = target.collider; if (characterController) { centerOffset = characterController.bounds.center - target.position; headOffset = centerOffset; headOffset.y = characterController.bounds.max.y - target.position.y; } if (target) { controller = target.GetComponent(ThirdPersonController); } if (!controller) Debug.Log("Please assign a target to the camera that has a Third Person Controller script component."); } function LateUpdate () { var targetCenter = target.position + centerOffset; var targetHead = target.position + headOffset; // When jumping don't move camera upwards but only down! if (controller.IsJumping ()) { // We'd be moving the camera upwards, do that only if it's really high var newTargetHeight = targetCenter.y + height; if (newTargetHeight < targetHeight || newTargetHeight - targetHeight > 5) targetHeight = targetCenter.y + height; } // When walking always update the target height else { targetHeight = targetCenter.y + height; } // We start snapping when user pressed Fire2! if (Input.GetButton("Fire2") && !isSnapping) { velocity = Vector3.zero; isSnapping = true; } if (isSnapping) { ApplySnapping (targetCenter); } else { ApplyPositionDamping (Vector3(targetCenter.x, targetHeight, targetCenter.z)); } SetUpRotation(targetCenter, targetHead); } function ApplySnapping (targetCenter : Vector3) { var position = transform.position; var offset = position - targetCenter; offset.y = 0; var currentDistance = offset.magnitude; var targetAngle = target.eulerAngles.y; var currentAngle = transform.eulerAngles.y; currentAngle = Mathf.SmoothDampAngle(currentAngle, targetAngle, velocity.x, snapLag); currentDistance = Mathf.SmoothDamp(currentDistance, distance, velocity.z, snapLag); var newPosition = targetCenter; newPosition += Quaternion.Euler(0, currentAngle, 0) * Vector3.back * currentDistance; newPosition.y = Mathf.SmoothDamp (position.y, targetCenter.y + height, velocity.y, smoothLag, maxSpeed); newPosition = AdjustLineOfSight(newPosition, targetCenter); transform.position = newPosition; // We are close to the target, so we can stop snapping now! if (AngleDistance (currentAngle, targetAngle) < 3.0) { isSnapping = false; velocity = Vector3.zero; } } function AdjustLineOfSight (newPosition : Vector3, target : Vector3) { var hit : RaycastHit; if (Physics.Linecast (target, newPosition, hit, lineOfSightMask.value)) { velocity = Vector3.zero; return hit.point; } return newPosition; } function ApplyPositionDamping (targetCenter : Vector3) { // We try to maintain a constant distance on the x-z plane with a spring. // Y position is handled with a seperate spring var position = transform.position; var offset = position - targetCenter; offset.y = 0; var newTargetPos = offset.normalized * distance + targetCenter; var newPosition : Vector3; newPosition.x = Mathf.SmoothDamp (position.x, newTargetPos.x, velocity.x, smoothLag, maxSpeed); newPosition.z = Mathf.SmoothDamp (position.z, newTargetPos.z, velocity.z, smoothLag, maxSpeed); newPosition.y = Mathf.SmoothDamp (position.y, targetCenter.y, velocity.y, smoothLag, maxSpeed); newPosition = AdjustLineOfSight(newPosition, targetCenter); transform.position = newPosition; } function SetUpRotation (centerPos : Vector3, headPos : Vector3) { // Now it's getting hairy. The devil is in the details here, the big issue is jumping of course. // * When jumping up and down don't center the guy in screen space. This is important to give a feel for how high you jump. // When keeping him centered, it is hard to see the jump. // * At the same time we dont want him to ever go out of screen and we want all rotations to be totally smooth // // So here is what we will do: // // 1. We first find the rotation around the y axis. Thus he is always centered on the y-axis // 2. When grounded we make him be cented // 3. When jumping we keep the camera rotation but rotate the camera to get him back into view if his head is above some threshold // 4. When landing we must smoothly interpolate towards centering him on screen var cameraPos = transform.position; var offsetToCenter = centerPos - cameraPos; // Generate base rotation only around y-axis var yRotation = Quaternion.LookRotation(Vector3(offsetToCenter.x, 0, offsetToCenter.z)); var relativeOffset = Vector3.forward * distance + Vector3.down * height; transform.rotation = yRotation * Quaternion.LookRotation(relativeOffset); // Calculate the projected center position and top position in world space var centerRay = camera.ViewportPointToRay(Vector3(.5, 0.5, 1)); var topRay = camera.ViewportPointToRay(Vector3(.5, clampHeadPositionScreenSpace, 1)); var centerRayPos = centerRay.GetPoint(distance); var topRayPos = topRay.GetPoint(distance); var centerToTopAngle = Vector3.Angle(centerRay.direction, topRay.direction); var heightToAngle = centerToTopAngle / (centerRayPos.y - topRayPos.y); var extraLookAngle = heightToAngle * (centerRayPos.y - centerPos.y); if (extraLookAngle < centerToTopAngle) { extraLookAngle = 0; } else { extraLookAngle = extraLookAngle - centerToTopAngle; transform.rotation *= Quaternion.Euler(-extraLookAngle, 0, 0); } } function AngleDistance (a : float, b : float) { a = Mathf.Repeat(a, 360); b = Mathf.Repeat(b, 360); return Mathf.Abs(b - a); } @script AddComponentMenu ("Third Person Camera/Spring Follow Camera")

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